Research Reports
Uncertainty about the Korean economy has been increasing due to technological evolution and changes in demographic and social structure. In particular, with the advent of the fourth Industrial Revolution, the paradigm of the economy is expected to change as well as the industrial structure. In response to changes in the industrial environment, the Korean government is actively pursuing industrial policies by presenting “Innovative Growth” as one of the three principles of economic policy. However, as new technologies and industries take different ways of producing, providing, and trading from the past, they have come into conflict with existing legal systems and issues of regulation have emerged.
This study aims to present the direction of industrial regulation reform for innovative growth. We present specific regulatory reform directions by identifying industrial regulations that hinder the capacity building of our industry and the creation of new industries. For this purpose, we selected targets for regulatory reform from two perspectives: innovation capabilities and innovative activities.
The report consists of the comprehensive part of Part 1 and the in-depth analysis of Part 2. Part 1 is divided into five chapters, beginning with Chapter 1, Introduction. Chapter 2 examines the theoretical approach to regulation and what regulatory policies have been implemented in Korea, the United Kingdom, Australia, and the United States according to the industrial environment. And then we discuss the performance of regulatory policies in Korea and the issues of regulatory policies for innovative growth.
Chapter 3 analyzes the targets for regulatory reform in Korea from the two perspectives, innovation capabilities and innovative activities. In terms of innovation capabilities, we selected the following regulations: regulations that make it difficult to secure manpower to utilize new technologies, areas where adequate and effective support has not been provided due to insufficient or lack of plans, excessive environmental regulations that impede business efficiency and growth, and regulations related to investment and recovery for business start-ups and ventures. On the other hand, in terms of innovative activities, we selected the followings: excessive eligibility requirements such as the licensing system, areas of insufficient legal system that hinder business expansion and promotion of new projects, and overlapping regulations and excessive regulations.
Chapter 4 measures regulatory flexibility in new industries by deriving the regulatory flexibility components necessary for the transition to flexible regulatory governance and selecting indices for each component. We selected three examples for measuring regulatory flexibility: the platform transportation businesses, the financial services using MyData, and personalized medical services using DTC genetic testing. Through the results of measurement of regulatory flexibility, we diagnose the performance of regulatory reform in each industry and present measures to improve the regulatory governance.
Chapter 5, the final chapter of Part 1, sets out what direction regulatory policies should move into in order to achieve innovative growth, and draws up policy tasks for effective regulatory reform. In Part 2, more detailed information on current status, issues, and improvement plans are contained for each of the regulations analyzed in Chapter 3 of Part 1.
The works on this page are licensed for fair use under the provisions of the Korea Open Government License. See kogl.or.kr for more information.
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코로나19 발생 이후 대부분의 고용 관심사가 항공 및 여행서비스, 음식·숙박 서비스 등 주로 서비스 업종에 집중된 상황에서 본 연구는 최근 그 중요성이 강조되고 있는 제조업의 고용변화를 살펴보았다. 분석에 따르면, 코로나19 이후 제조업 고용은 비교적 큰 충격 없이 빠르게 회복하는 모습을 보이고 있다. 제조업 고용은 서비스업에 비해 큰 충격 없이 유지되고 있고, 코로나19 직후 2020년 상반기에 약간 하락하였지만 하반기부터 회복 추세를 보이고 있으며, OECD 주요국의 제조업과 비교하여도 일본과 함께 고용 충격이 비교적 작게 나타나고 있다. 그러나 전반적으로 양호한 고용 성적에도 불구하고 제조업 내 특성 별로는 차이가 나타나는 것으로 보인다. 종사상 지위 별로 보면, 임시·일용직, 고용원이 있는 자영업자에서 고용 충격이 상대적으로 크게 나타났고, 상용직과 고용원이 없는 자영업자는 큰 충격이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 제조업 규모별로는 300인 이상의 경우 코로나 발생 초기 약간의 충격 이후 고용이 빠르게 반등하면서 코로나 이전보다 고용이 더 증가한 반면, 이보다 작은 규모의 제조업체들의 경우 고용 회복이 더디게 나타나고 있다. 고용의 중장기, 단기 추세선을 비교한 결과 제조업 업종에 따른 차이를 보였다. 코로나 발생 이전 3년간의 추세선을 2020년 1월부터 연장한 선과, 2020년 1월부터의 실제 자료를 이용한 단기 추세선을 비교한 결과, 의약품은 코로나19 발생 이전부터 시작하여 코로나19 발생 이후에도 견조한 증가세를 유지하고 있으며, 전자부품·컴퓨터, 기타운송장비, 가구는 코로나19 이후 오히려 고용 추세가 개선되었다. 그러나 다수 업종은 코로나 발생 이후 고용이 하락하였는데, 특히, 비금속광물, 1차금속, 금속가공 분야나 인쇄·기록매체 업종에서 하락이 상대적으로 크게 나타났다.
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